The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) emphasizes safeguarding the privacy and security of the Electronic Protected health information (e-PHI). While past researches have mainly addressed e-PHI protection during storage, transmission, and processing, securing decrypted e-PHI during processing remains a pressing issue. Although watermarking techniques can trace unauthorized disclosures of medical images, they fall short of preventing unauthorized actions like copying or modification. To address this, the study introduces a novel e-PHI management system based on Digital Rights Management (DRM) and a tailored key management scheme. The system orchestrates comprehensive control over e-PHI activities, aligning access and manipulation rights to the specific responsibilities and patient-authorized permissions. By addressing the vulnerabilities of decrypted e-PHI, the approach …